Which of the following are considered qualitative research methods?

Qualitative research methods are designed to gain insights into people's thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. They are characterized by their focus on understanding the underlying reasons and motivations behind these aspects, rather than quantifying data.

Competitor Analysis and Card Sorting are indeed qualitative research methods. Competitor Analysis involves exploring competitors' strategies, strengths, weaknesses, and the overall market landscape, which provides a subjective understanding of the competitive environment. Card Sorting is a technique used to understand how users categorize information, shedding light on their mental models and preferences. This is particularly valuable in user experience (UX) design and information architecture, where understanding user perspectives can lead to more intuitive designs.

In contrast, the other options include methods that are more aligned with quantitative research or are a blend of qualitative and quantitative approaches, such as surveys, which can yield both qualitative and quantitative data, and usability testing, which focuses heavily on measuring performance metrics.